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	Artículo de Revisión
Investigación en Enfermería: Imagen y desarrollo [Inv Enf] 2014 ene-jun; 16(1): 61-71  Recibido: 24/9/ 2013 Revisado: 21/1/2014 Aprobado: 27/1/2014	Panorama general de las visitas en las unidades de cuidado intensivo   Luisa Fernanda Achury Beltrán Enfermera especialista en Cuidado Crítico, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia. Profesora instructora, Facultad de Enfermería, Pontificia Universidad Javeriana. Correo electrónico: achuryl@javeriana.edu.co

Resumen

Las unidades de cuidado intensivo (UCI) se conciben como espacios cerrados, debido a la complejidad de los pacientes que allí se manejan. Por esta razón, las visitas se han convertido en un aspecto de gran importancia, ya que influyen en la satisfacción de las necesidades de los pacientes, sus familias y las creencias del personal de salud. Hablar del panorama de las visitas en las UCI, implica retomar su origen y evolución, teniendo en cuenta que las nociones acerca de la gravedad de los pacientes allí hospitalizados y las creencias de quienes los atienden han marcado un punto importante en la restricción histórica de ellas. De igual manera, es necesario mencionar las ventajas de una política liberalizada, conocer la perspectiva general de las visitas en las UCI y el papel que desempeña el profesional de enfermería en este aspecto. Este artículo pretende motivar en las(os) enfermeras(os) una participación más activa en la toma de decisiones sobre las políticas de visitas en la UCI, a partir del conocimiento de su panorama y los efectos que tienen las políticas flexibles en la salud del paciente y la estabilidad de la familia.
Palabras clave: Enfermería/ Cuidados intensivos/ Visitas a pacientes.
 

Abstract
Overview of visits in intensive care units

Intensive care units (ICU) are conceived as closed spaces, due to the complexity of patients which are handled therein. For this reason, visits have become an issue of great importance, since they influence the satisfaction of the patients� needs, their families and beliefs of health personnel. Talking about the overview of visits in the ICU involves going back to their origin and evolution, considering that the notions about the severity of the patients which are hospitalized there and the beliefs of their caregivers have marked an important point in the historical restriction of those visits. Similarly, it is necessary to mention the benefits of a liberalized policy, get to know the general perspective of visitors in the ICU and the role of the nursing staff in this regard. This article seeks to motivate the nurses to have a more active participation in the decision-making on policies regarding the ICU visits, departing from their knowledge of their outlook and the effects flexible policies have on the patients� health and family stability.
Key-words: Nursing/ Intensive care/ Patient visits.
 

Resumo
Panorama geral de visita na unidade de tratamento intensivo

As unidades de tratamento intensivo (UTI) são concebidas como espaços fechados devido à complexidade dos pacientes ali tratados. Por isso, a visita tem se tornado um aspecto de grande importância já que influi na satisfação das necessidades do paciente, sua família e as crenças do pessoal de saúde. Falar do panorama da visita na UTI implica retomar a origem e evolução, levando em conta que as noções acerca da acuidade dos pacientes internados lá e as crenças de quem cuida marcaram um ponto importante na restrição histórica delas. De igual maneira, é preciso mencionar as vantagens de uma política liberalizada, conhecer a perspectiva geral da visita na UTI e o papel desenvolvido pelo profissional de enfermagem neste aspecto. Este artigo pretende motivar as(os) enfermeiras(os) para uma participação mais ativa na tomada de decisões sobre as políticas de visita na UCI a partir do conhecimento do seu panorama e os efeitos que as políticas flexíveis têm na saúde do paciente e a estabilidade da família.
Palavras chave: Enfermagem/ Tratamento intensivo/ Visitas a pacientes.
 

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