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Enfermer�a Universitaria ISSN: 1655-7063 v15n1 063078r

 

 

 

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Experiencias perceptuales inusuales en personal de enfermería y su relación con estrés laboral, esquizotipia, absorción y empatía

Alejandro Parra
Instituto de Psicología Paranormal, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Manuscrito recibido en 9 de abril de 2017
Manuscrito aceptado en
15 de octubre de 2017

Enferm Universitaria -Mex- 2018; 15(1): 63-78

 

 

 

Cómo citar este documento

Parra, Alejandro. Experiencias perceptuales inusuales en personal de enfermería y su relación con estrés laboral, esquizotipia, absorción y empatía. Enferm Universitaria -Mex-, 2018 ene-mar, 15(1). Disponible en <https://www.index-f.com/reu/15/063078.php> Consultado el

 

Resumen

El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la frecuencia de ciertas experiencias perceptuales inusuales en entornos hospitalarios, las denominadas Experiencias Anómalo/Paranormales con frecuencia reportadas por médicos y enfermería en el ámbito hospitalario. También, comparar el grado de estrés laboral, propensión a la esquizotipia, absorción psicológica y empatía con el paciente entre enfermera/os con experiencias y sin experiencias. Se administraron tres escalas a 344 enfermera/os de 36 hospitales y centros de salud de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que fueron agrupados entre 235 con experiencias y 109 sin experiencias. Las experiencias más comunes son sensación de presencia y/o apariciones, oír ruidos, voces o diálogos, llantos o quejas, experiencias intuitivas y extrasensoriales en relación con sus pacientes, o bien la recepción de experiencias por parte de sus propios pacientes, tales como experiencias cercanas a la muerte, prácticas de oración o intervenciones religiosas con sanaciones espontáneas, y otras experiencias anómalas relacionadas con niños. Las enfermera/os con experiencias tienden a experimentar mayor estrés laboral, sin embargo quienes quedaron en el grupo con experiencias obtuvieron una puntuación más alta en el factor Despersonalización que los del grupo sin experiencias. Asimismo, en el grupo con experiencias existió mayor absorción y tendencia a la esquizotipia, así como mayor empatía cognitiva y comprensión emocional que los de sin experiencias. Desafortunadamente,  al personal de enfermería, le falta capacitación para abordar de manera adecuada el proceso de morir y el duelo, se remarca esta ausencia y se rescata la importancia del conocimiento y abordaje de estos fenómenos.
Palabras clave: Experiencias Anómalo/ Paranormales/ Estrés laboral/ Absorción/ Empatía/ Esquizotipia/ Argentina.
 

Resumo
Experiências perceptuais incomuns em pessoal de enfermagem e sua relação com estresse laboral, esquizotipia, absorção e empatia

O objetivo deste estudo foi a frequência de certas experiências perceptuais incomuns em ambientes hospitalares, as denominadas Experiências Anômalo/Paranormais com frequência informadas por médicos e enfermagem no âmbito hospitalar. Também, comparar o grau de estresse laboral, propensão à esquizotipia, absorção psicológica e empatia com o paciente entre enfermeira/os com experiências e sem experiências. Administraram-se três escalas a 344 enfermeira/os de 36 hospitais e centros de saúde de Buenos Aires, Argentina, que foram agrupados entre 235 com experiências e 109 sem experiências. As experiências mais comuns são sensação de presença e/ou aparições, ouvir barulhos, vozes ou diálogos, prantos ou queixas, experiências intuitivas e extra-sensoriais em relação com seus pacientes, ou bem a recepção de tais experiências por parte de seus próprios pacientes, tais como experiências próximas à morte, práticas de oração ou intervenções religiosas com curas espontâneas, e outras experiências anômalas relacionadas com crianças. As enfermeiras/os com experiências tendem a experimentar maior estresse laboral, porém quem ficou no grupo com experiências obteve uma pontuação mais alta no fator Despersonalização que os do grupo sem experiências. Assim mesmo, no grupo com experiências existiu maior absorção e tendência à esquizotipia, assim como maior empatia cognitiva e compreensão emocional que os de sem experiências. Infelizmente, pessoal de enfermagem tem falta capacitação para tratar em forma adequada o processo de morrer e o luto, assim, se ressalta esta ausência e se resgata a importância do conhecimento a abordagem destes fenómenos.
Palavras chave: Experiências Anômalo/ Paranormais/ Estresse laboral/ Absorção/ Empatia/ Esquizotipia/ Argentina.
 

Abstract
Unusual perceptual experiences among nursing staff and their relation to work stress, schizoid features, absorption, and empathy

The objective of this study was to explore the frequency of certain unusual perceptual experiences within hospital environments - those denominated anomalous and paranormal experiences - which are reported by medical and nursing personnel, and to compare the degree of work stress, schizoid features tendency, absorption and empathy with the patient. Three scales were used with 344 nurses from 36 hospitals and health centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina, grouped in those who had had these unusual experiences (n = 235) and those who had not (n = 109). The related most common unusual experiences included feeling a presence, listening to noises, voices, dialogs, cries, or complaints, having extra-sensorial or intuitive feelings related to the patients, and/or their own patients feeling the same situations in addition to other death proximity, praying, and spontaneous healings related experiences, and others experiences manifested by children. Regarding the results, the nurses who had these unusual experiences, also had higher scores in the factor Depersonalization, showing more absorption and schizoid features tendency, as well as more cognitive empathy and emotional comprehension, in comparison to those nurses who had not had these unusual experiences. We believe that some nurses could be better trained in order to adequately address their patients' suffering and dying processes.
Key-words: Anomalous and Paranormal Experiences/ Work stress/ Absorption/ Empathy/ Schizoid features/ Argentina.

 

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