ENTRAR            

RESUMEN

Introducción: Las personas cuidadoras familiares de mayores dependientes asumen el rol cuidador movidas por distintas motivaciones que pueden cambiar durante el proceso de cuidado. La motivación que lleva a las personas a cuidar de sus familiares dependientes influye en la experiencia del cuidado y en la sobrecarga percibida a consecuencia de los mismos.
Objetivo: Identificar las motivaciones que llevan a las personas cuidadoras familiares a hacerse cargo del cuidado de su familiar dependiente.
Metodología: Se ha realizado una revisión cualitativa, siguiendo los procedimientos de Sandelowski and Barroso y a través de análisis comparativo constante. Tras la búsqueda en nueve de las principales bases de datos de la salud, y analizada la calidad de los estudios, han sido seleccionados 16 artículos que hacen referencia a las experiencias de las personas cuidadoras familiares con respecto al cuidado de un mayor dependiente y sus motivaciones.
Resultados: Las personas cuidadoras familiares manifiestan motivaciones de diversas índoles. Durante las primeras etapas del cuidado, cuando la persona cuidadora se inicia en su rol cuidador, destacan motivaciones como el cariño, la obligación moral de desempeñar esta tarea, la falta de otras alternativas o la influencia sociocultural.
Conclusiones: Los motivos que refuerzan la labor cuidadora parecen estar relacionados con consecuencias positivas del cuidado, por ello, conocer en profundidad las motivaciones de las personas cuidadoras familiares, permitirá a los profesionales sanitarios a reforzar las motivaciones positivas y reevaluar las negativas, con el fin de fomentar las consecuencias positivas que causa la tarea del cuidado, y disminuir las consecuencias negativas.

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Family caregivers of the dependent elderly assume the caregiver' role promoted by different motivations that may change throughout the care process. The motivation that leads people to care for their dependent relatives influences the experience of care and the perceived overload as consequence.
Objective: To identify the motivations that lead family caregivers to take care of their dependent family member.
Methodology: A qualitative review has been carried out, following the procedures of Sandelowski and Barroso and through constant comparative analysis. After researching nine of the main health databases, and analysing the quality of the studies, 16 articles have been selected that refer to the experiences of family caregivers regarding the care of a major dependent and their motivations.
Results: Family caregivers show motivations of various kinds. During the early stages of care, when the caregiver starts in his caregiving role, arise motivations such: moral obligation to perform this task, lack of other alternatives or sociocultural influence.
Conclusions: The factors that reinforce caregiving seem to be related to the positive consequences of care, therefore, know in depth the motivations of family caregivers allows health professionals to reinforce positive motivations and to revaluate negatives motivations, in order to foster the positive consequences and diminish negative consequences.
 

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