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RESUMEN

Los cambios acelerados en la tecnología y las ciencias requieren que los profesionales de enfermería del siglo veintiuno sean capaces de aplicar las destrezas y conocimientos más vigentes de manera segura y efectiva y que contribuyan al logro de los resultados esperados en los cuidados de salud. En este sentido la Enfermería Basada en la Evidencia (EBE) constituye la fundamentación científica que sustenta el quehacer de la práctica, contrario a las prácticas basadas en tradición o intuición a las cuales se les atribuye carencia de fundamentos científicos. La EBE representa un cambio en el paradigma al promover decisiones con la mejor evidencia o conocimiento disponible (Rubenfeld & Scheffer, 2006 citado en Milton, 2007). Aunque se percibe como algo beneficioso, la EBE ha sido objeto de grandes críticas debido a los debates sobre su legitimización entre los profesionales de la salud. Alguna de las críticas han sido: los distintos significados o definiciones otorgados, la forma en cómo se ha privilegiado el paradigma cuantitativo, las controversias sobre la evidencia, las dificultades o barreras en su uso y comprensión, su valor para la práctica y las estrategias más efectivas para su enseñanza [...]

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