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Validación del Handwashing Assessment Inventory en un hospital universitario de Bogotá

Licet Villamizar Gómez,^1,2  Ricardo Sánchez Pedraza^2,3
1División de investigaciones, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud. Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia. ²Grupo de investigación clínica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. ³Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

Manuscrito recibido el 2.9.2013
Manuscrito aceptado el 3.4.2014

Index de Enfermería [Index Enferm] 2014; 23(4): 250-255

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Resumen

El lavado de manos evita infecciones asociadas al cuidado; es necesaria una escala que mida la motivación y su cumplimiento. Objetivo: Validar el Handwashing Assessment Inventory (HAI) en enfermeras del Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia. Métodos: Luego de la adaptación transcultural, se realizó el análisis factorial (AF). Para la validez concurrente se comparó el HAI con la escala Acttitudes Regarding Guidelines Practices (ARGP). Se evaluó consistencia interna (CI), confiabilidad prueba reprueba (CPR) y sensibilidad al cambio. Resultados: Se presentó una adecuada equivalencia lingüística. El AF indicó ocho dominios, similares a la escala original. La correlación entre escalas (ARGP- HAI) fue menor a 0,30. La CI indicó alfa de Cronbach de 0,82. La CPR presentó valores menores de 0,30. El ANOVA de medidas repetidas no presentó diferencias en siete dominios. Conclusión: La validación del HAI presenta satisfactoria equivalencia transcultural. La consistencia interna es adecuada; pero la confiabilidad es baja.
Palabras clave: Infecciones asociadas a la atención en salud/ Lavado de manos/ Validación/ Enfermeras.

Abstract (Validation of the handwashing assessment inventory scale at a university hospital in Bogota)

Handwashing prevents infections associated to health care. A scale to measure motivational factors behind the fulfilment of handwashing protocols is necessary. Aims: To validate the Handwashing Assessment Inventory (HAI) in nurses of Hospital San José in Bogota, Colombia. Methods: After Cross-cultural adaptation, Factor analysis was used for validating the content. Concurrent validity was evaluated by comparing the HAI scale with the Attitudes Regarding Guidelines Practices (ARGP). Internal consistency, test-retest reliability and sensitivity to change were evaluated. Results: An adequate linguistic equivalency has been found. Factor analysis suggested eight domains, these were similar to the original scale. The correlation between ARGP and HAI scales was less than 0.30. Internal consistency showed a Cronbach's alpha of 0.82. Test-retest coefficients were less than 0.30. ANOVA for repeated measures did not show any differences in seven domains. Conclusion: HAI validation presented a satisfactory cross-cultural equivalence. Internal consistency was adequate, but reliability was low.
Key-words: Cross infection/ Handwashing/ Validation/ Nursing.

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