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Resumo

Enquadramento: Tradicionalmente, as pessoas com artrite reumatóide são monitorizadas apenas em consultas médicas. No entanto, vários estudos sugerem que este seguimento pode ser realizado também por enfermeiros, de forma protocolada. Objetivos: Determinar a eficácia das consultas de enfermagem no controlo da atividade da doença e de outros outcomes reportados em comparação com as consultas realizadas apenas por reumatologistas, em pessoas com artrite reumatóide. Método de Revisão: Seguiu-se a metodologia da Cochrane. Incluíram-se estudos em adultos com artrite reumatoide. Dois revisores independentes realizaram a avaliação crítica, extração e síntese dos dados. Apresentação e interpretação dos resultados: Os 7 estudos incluídos reportaram melhores resultados das consultas de enfermagem em termos de dor, capacidade funcional, qualidade de vida, autoeficácia, ou satisfação global. Destes estudos, 4 integraram a meta-análise que revelou não existir diferença estatisticamente significativa no controlo da atividade da doença entre enfermeiros e reumatologistas. Conclusão: As consultas de enfermagem são eficazes no controlo da atividade de doença, na redução do impacto sentido e na satisfação em pessoas com artrite reumatóide.
Palavras chave: Artrite reumatóide/ Cuidados de enfermagem/ Literatura de revisão como assunto/ Avaliação de resultados (cuidados de saúde)/ Metanálise.
 

Resumen
Eficacia de las consultas realizadas por enfermeros en pacientes con artritis reumatoide: revisión sistemática

Marco contextual: Normalmente a las personas con artritis reumatoide solo se las monitoriza en consultas médicas. Sin embargo, varios estudios sugieren que este seguimiento lo pueden realizar también los enfermeros, de forma protocolaria. Objetivos: Determinar la eficacia de las consultas de enfermería para controlar la actividad de la enfermedad y de otros resultados en comparación con las consultas realizadas solo por reumatólogos en pacientes con artritis reumatoide. Método de revisión: Se siguió la metodología de Cochrane. Se incluyeron estudios en adultos con artritis reumatoide. Dos revisores independientes realizaron una evaluación crítica, extracción y síntesis de los datos. Presentación e interpretación de los resultados: Los 7 estudios incluidos registraron mejores resultados de las consultas de enfermería en relación al dolor, la capacidad funcional, la calidad de vida, la autoeficacia o la satisfacción global. De estos estudios, 4 formaron parte del metanálisis en el que se observó que no existía diferencia estadísticamente significativa en el control de la actividad de la enfermedad entre enfermeros y reumatólogos. Conclusión: Las consultas de enfermería son eficaces en el control de la actividad de la enfermedad, en la reducción del impacto sentido y en la satisfacción de los pacientes con artritis reumatoide.
Palabras clave: Artritis reumatoide/ Atención de enfermería/ Literatura de revisión como asunto/ Evaluación de resultado (atención de salud)/ Metanálisis.
 

Abstract
Effectiveness of nursing consultations in people with rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review

Background: Traditionally, patients with rheumatoid arthritis are only monitored in medical consultations. However, several studies suggest that, with protocols, this follow-up can also be performed by nurses. Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of nursing consultations in controlling disease activity and other patient-reported outcomes compared to rheumatology consultations only, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Review Method: The Cochrane methodology was followed. Studies that had been conducted with adults with rheumatoid arthritis were included. Critical appraisal, data extraction, and data synthesis were performed by 2 independent reviewers. Presentation and interpretation of results: The 7 studies included reported better outcomes of nursing consultations in terms of pain, physical function, quality of life, self-efficacy, or overall satisfaction. Of these, 4 studies were included in the meta-analysis, which revealed no statistically significant differences in the control of disease activity between nursing and rheumatology consultations. Conclusion: Nursing consultations are effective in controlling disease activity, reducing disease impact, and improving satisfaction in people with rheumatoid arthritis.
Key-words: Arthritis/ Rheumatoid/ Nursing care/ Review literature as topic/ Outcome assessment (health care)/ Meta-analysis.
 

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