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Resumo

Enquadramento: Avaliar a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada com a Saúde Oral (QVRSO) é crucial no planeamento de programas de saúde, mas é escassa a investigação nesta matéria em populações com patologia crónica. Objetivos: Avaliar preditores clínicos da QVRSO de idosos diabéticos. Metodologia: Estudo transversal em 207 idosos diabéticos no Nordeste de Portugal. Os parâmetros de saúde oral foram obtidos com exame clínico. As 14 questões do Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) forneceram um score de QVRSO que foi dicotomizado em OHIP-14 com e sem impacto negativo. Os modelos de regressão logística forneceram valores ajustados de odds-ratio (OR) e respetivo intervalo de confiança a 95% (IC95%) para preditores clínicos da QVRSO. Resultados: Dos idosos, 84,1% reportaram impacto negativo na QVRSO. De acordo com a análise de regressão logística, o número de dentes naturais posteriores (OR=0,85;IC 95%:0,80-0,92) e a sensação de boca seca (OR=3,30;IC 95%:1,08-10,10) são variáveis preditoras de OHIP-14 com impacto. Conclusão: Este estudo realça a importância de prevenir perda dentária para assegurar a QVRSO nestes idosos.
Palavras chave: Saúde/ Idosos/ Diabetes mellitus/ Qualidade de vida.
 

Abstract
Clinical Predictors of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Adults with Diabetes

Background: The assessment of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) is essential to planning oral health programs, but there is a lack of research on this issue with chronic patients. Objectives: To assess clinical predictors of OHRQoL in older adults with diabetes. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 207 older adults with diabetes in Northeast Portugal. Clinical examination provided data on oral health parameters. OHRQoL was assessed based on the short version of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) and the score was dichotomised into OHIP-14 with and without impact. Logistic regression models provided adjusted odds-ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95%CI) for the clinical predictors of OHRQoL. Results: In this sample, 84.1% of older adults reported a negative impact on OHRQoL. According to the logistic regression analysis, the number of natural posterior teeth (OR=0.85; 95%CI:0.80-0.92) and a feeling of dry mouth (OR=3.30; 95%CI:1.08-10.10) are predictor variables of OHIP-14 with impact. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the importance of preventing tooth loss to ensure OHRQoL in these older adults.
Key-words: Health/ Elderly/ Diabetes mellitus/ Quality of life.
 

Resumen
Predictores Clínicos de la Calidad de Vida Relacionada con la Salud Bucal en los Mayores Diabéticos

Marco contextual: Evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud oral (QVRSO) es crucial en la planificación de los programas de salud. Sin embargo, hay poca investigación en esta materia en poblaciones con enfermedad crónica. Objetivos: Evaluar predictores clínicos de la QVRSO en mayores diabéticos. Metodología: Estudio transversal realizado en 207 mayores diabéticos residentes en el Nordeste de Portugal. Los parámetros de salud oral se obtuvieron mediante un examen clínico. Las 14 preguntas del Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) proporcionaron un resultado de QVRSO que se dividió en OHIP-14 con y sin impacto negativo. Mediante modelos de regresión logística se obtuvieron valores ajustados de odds-ratio, o razón de momios, (OR) y el respectivo intervalo de confianza al 95 % (IC95%) para los predictores clínicos de la QVRSO. Resultados: De los mayores, el 84,1 % dio un impacto negativo en la QVRSO. De acuerdo con el análisis de regresión logística, el número de dientes naturales posteriores (OR=0,85; IC 95 %:0,80-0,92) y la sensación de boca seca (OR=3,30; IC 95 %:1,08-10,10) son variables predictoras de OHIP-14 con impacto. Conclusión: Este estudio pone de manifiesto la importancia de prevenir la pérdida de dientes para asegurar la QVRSO en estos mayores.
Palabras clave: Salud/ Adultos mayores/ Diabetes mellitus/ Calidad de vida.
 

Referências

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