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RESUMEN

Introducción: Actualmente la familia vive las implicaciones del envejecimiento poblacional y experimenta nuevos retos y cambios en su estructura y funcionalidad. Factores que es necesario estudiar en el ámbito del cuidado de la salud familiar.
Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, correlacional, transversal, realizado en familias de 120 adultos mayores (AM) mediante el APGAR familiar y el FF - SIL.
Resultados: El 34.2% de AM tuvo de 60 a 65 años, el 56.7% fueron mujeres y el 52.5% no padece ninguna enfermedad. Del 100% de familias, el 50.8% son familias nucleares, el 25.8% son familias que envejecen y el 52.5%, tiene dos AM. La funcionalidad familiar medida a través del grado de satisfacción de los adultos mayores respecto al funcionamiento de su familia muestra que el 39.2% perciben a su familia con buena funcionalidad familiar, el 37.5% con disfunción leve, el 12.5% con disfunción moderada y el 10.8% con disfunción severa. Se obtuvo además una correlación negativa medianamente significativa entre el APGAR familiar y el número de adultos mayores en la familia (r = -.409, p = .001).
Conclusión: La salud familiar promueve familias saludables para el logro del desarrollo humano y comunitario. En la medida que su estructura y funcionalidad sea la adecuada sus integrantes la ubican en un avance positivo o negativo, según haya sido capaz de satisfacer sus necesidades y proveerles de bienestar. Los resultados del estudio permiten a la enfermería comunitaria actuar con empoderamiento, responsabilidad y pertinencia social en el contexto del cuidado de la salud familiar.
Palabras clave: Funcionalidad familiar/ Adulto mayor.
 

ABSTRACT
Familiar functionality: An elderly perception in a rural community

Introduction: Nowadays the family unit lives the implications of a growing older people and faces new challenges and changes in their structure and functionality. Factors which are needed to study in the environment of the family health care.
Methodology: A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional study was performed in families of 120 elderly by the family APGAR and the FF-SIL.
Results: 34.2% of the elderly (AM) were 60 to 65 years old, 56.7% were women and 52.5% had no diseases. Considering the 100%, 50.8% were nuclear families, and 25.8% were growing older families and 52.5% had two elderly. The family functionality measured by a satisfaction rate of the elderly considering the functionality of their families shows that 39.2% consider their family a good functional unit, 37.5% with a low dysfunction, 12.5% with a moderate functionality and 10.8% with a severe dysfunction. A negative correlation which was slightly meaningful was obtained between the family APGAR and the number of the elderly in each family (r = -.409, p = .001).
Conclusion: Family health promotes healthy families to achieve the human and communitarian development. While the family structure and functionality are adequate, members will perceive it as functional or dysfunctional, by being able to satisfy needs and giving wellbeing. The results of the study allow community nursing to perform with empowerment, responsibility and social relevance in the context of family health care.
Key-words: Family functionality/ Elderly.

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