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Actividad física y obesidad en mujeres y su relación con la menopausia

Sergio Rico Martín,¹ Esperanza Santano Mogena,² José Luis Cobos Serrano,³ María Luz Sánchez Calvarro,¹ Guadalupe Gil Fernández,¹ Julián Fernando Calderón García^1
1Facultad de Enfermería y Terapia Ocupacional, Departamento de Enfermería. Universidad de Extremadura. Cáceres, España. ²Hospital Clínico Virgen de Guadalupe, Cáceres, España. ³Consejo General de Enfermería de España, Madrid, España

Manuscrito recibido el 16.3.2016
Manuscrito aceptado el 12.5.2016

Index de Enfermería [Index Enferm] 2017; 26(3): 138-141

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Resumen

Objetivo principal: relacionar el nivel de actividad física con la obesidad en mujeres sanas premenopáusicas y posmenopáusicas del área de salud de Cáceres. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal durante los meses de diciembre de 2014 y marzo de 2015. Se reclutaron un total de 199 mujeres. El 37,7% son premenopáusicas y el 62,3% posmenopáusicas. La actividad física se midió mediante el International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) versión corta. Resultados principales: La actividad física moderada y vigorosa se presentó como factor de protección para desarrollar sobrepeso y obesidad en el total de mujeres estudiadas [OR 0,39 (0,20-0,76) y OR 0,42 (0,18-0,98) respectivamente] y en el grupo de posmenopáusicas [OR 0,30 (0,12-0,74) y OR 0,60 (0,23-1,56) respectivamente]. Conclusión principal: la actividad física moderada y vigorosa es un factor de protección en el desarrollo de sobrepeso en mujeres posmenopáusicas.
Palabras clave: Menopausia/ Actividad física/ Obesidad/ Sobrepeso.

Abstract (Physical activity and obesity in women and their relationship with menopause)

Objective: to relate the physical activity level with obesity in premenopausal and postmenopausal healthy women in the health area of Caceres. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study. The study was carried out during the months of December 2014 and March 2015. 199 women in the health were recruited. 37,7% are premenopausal and 62,3% postmenopausal. It used the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure the physical activity level in its short version. With another questionnaire, data population characteristics such as age, height and weight and gonadal status were collected. Results: Mild physical activity is presented as a risk factor for developing overweight and obesity in all women studied [OR 0,39 (0,20 to 0,76) and OR 0,42 (0,18 to 0,98 ) respectively] and the postmenopausal group [OR 0,30 (0,12 to 0,34) and OR 0,60 (0,23 to 1,56), respectively], while moderate and active physical activity is presented as a protective factor. Conclusions: moderate and vigorous physical activity is a protective factor for the development of overweight in postmenopausal women.
Key-words: Menopause/ Physical activity/ Obesity/ Overweight.

Bibliografía

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