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Fenomenología

Cultura de los Cuidados [Cul Cuid] 2017 sep-dic; XXI(49): 25-34  Recibido: 20/01/2017 Aceptado: 10/05/2017

Nurses� perceptions of patient safety in the emergency setting: a qualitative study Ana de Cássia da Ponte Portela1, Márcia Aline de Castro Olímpio2, Michelle Alves Vasconcelos Ponte3, Francisco Diogenes dos Santos4, Alicequel Ferreira Gomes de Paiva5, Vanessa Emille Carvalho de Sousa6 (1) RN Specialist in Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Applied Theology Institute, cassiaponte34@gmail.com. (2) RN Specialist in Surgical Nursing, School of Nursing, Applied Theology Institute, aline.d.castro@hotmail.com. (3) MNS, RN Coordinator of the Residency Training Program in Urgency and Emergency, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sobral, micc2005@hotmail.com. (4) Nursing student, State University of the Valley of the Acarau, scholar at the Ceará State Foundation of Support for Scientific and Technological Development (FUNCAP), diogenezjunior@gmail.com. (5) RN Specialist in Surgical Nursing, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericordia de Sobral, alicequel.gomes@gmail.com. (6) PhD, Postdoctoral research fellow, Department of Health Systems Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, vanessaemille@gmail.com

Abstract

Nurses are in a key position to improve the quality of healthcare through patient safety interventions and strategies. However, there is a general misunderstanding of the effects of the numerous and complex work environment factors on patient safety. This qualitative study aims to explore nurses� perceptions of patient safety aspects in an emergency setting. Semistructured interviews were conducted with 13 registered Nurses from an emergency ward in a large general hospital located in northeastern brazil. Conventional content analysis in which analysis is gained without imposing preconceived categories was used to analyze the collected data. The findings were clustered in three main categories: Barriers and facilitators for the adoption of patient safety practices, training on patient safety issues, and nursing role on the quality of patient safety. nurses reported that the factors influencing patient safety include: lack of resources, hospital overcrowding, excessive workload, lack of training, and ineffective communication. Our results suggest that patient safety in the emergency wards could be improved by developing and reinforcing a safety culture and by providing the necessary infrastructure and support mechanisms.
Key-words: Risk management/ Patient safety/ Emergency nursing/ Qualitative research.
 

Resumen
Percepción de los enfermeros sobre seguridad del paciente en el servicio de emergencia: un estudio cualitativo

Las enfermeras están en una posición clave en la mejora de la calidad de la atención a través de intervenciones y estrategias para la seguridad del paciente. En general, percepciones sobre el impacto de los factores del entorno de trabajo sobre seguridad de los pacientes son engañosas. este estudio cualitativo tuvo como objetivo explorar la percepción de enfermeras sobre seguridad del paciente. Las entrevistas semiestructuradas se llevaron a cabo con 13 enfermeras en una sala de emergencia en un hospital del noreste de Brasil. Un análisis de contenido convencional fue utilizado y el análisis se llevó a cabo sin imponer clases preconcebidas. Los resultados fueron agrupados en tres categorías: barreras y facilitadores para la adopción de prácticas de seguridad del paciente, Problemas en la formación en seguridad del paciente y papel de la enfermera en la calidad de las prácticas de seguridad del paciente. Las enfermeras informaron que los factores que afectan la seguridad del paciente incluyen: deficiencia de recursos, hacinamiento, sobrecarga de trabajo, mala formación y comunicación ineficaz. los resultados sugieren que la seguridad de los pacientes se puede mejorar mediante el desarrollo y fortalecimiento de la cultura de seguridad y la provisión de infraestructura y mecanismos de apoyo.
Palabras clave: Gestión de riesgos/ Seguridad del paciente/ Enfermería.
 

Resumo
Percepção de enfermeiros sobre a segurança do paciente no ambiente de emergência: um estudo qualitativo

 Enfermeiras ocupam uma posição-chave na melhoria da qualidade da assistência por meio de intervenções e estratégias para a segurança do paciente. Em geral, percepções sobre o impacto dos inúmeros e complexos fatores do ambiente de trabalho sobre a segurança do paciente são equivocadas. este estudo qualitativo tem por objetivo explorar percepções de enfermeiras sobre a segurança do paciente no cenário de emergência. entrevistas semiestruturadas foram conduzidas com 13 enfermeiras de uma unidade de emergência em um hospital localizado no nordeste do Brasil. Uma análise de conteúdo convencional, na qual a análise é executada sem impor categorias pré-concebidas, foi utilizada na análise dos dados. Os resultados foram agrupados em três categorias: Barreiras e facilitadores para a adoção de práticas de segurança do paciente, Problemas no treinamento em segurança do paciente e Papel da enfermeira na qualidade das práticas de segurança do paciente. enfermeiras relataram que os fatores que afetam a segurança do paciente incluem: deficiência de recursos, superlotação, sobrecarga de trabalho, treinamento deficiente e comunicação não efetiva. Os resultados sugerem que a segurança do paciente nas unidades de emergência pode ser melhorada pelo desenvolvimento e reforço da cultura de segurança e pela provisão da infraestrutura e dos mecanismos de suporte necessários.
Palavras chave: Gestão de riscos/ Segurança do paciente/ Enfermagem de emergência/ Pesquisa qualitativa.
 

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